420 Basics - follow up from week #1

After three days of boat handling, here are some observations and notes for all of you.

1. Boat Control


Both skippers and crews need to watch this video. Pay attention to what they are talking about with using the sails to trim the boat.

• Skippers, watch the guys in yellow life jackets (NOT the guy in Red) with regard to their foot placement and how they use the sails to steer rather than their rudders. 
• Crews, take a look at jib trim as well as how they are rolling the boats aggressively.

2. Roll Tacks

This video has tacks from some of the best college boats in the country. The footage was shot during the Trux - one of the more competitive intersectionals. There is some Laser footage as well. SKIPPERS pay attention to the hand exchange in those clips as well as to how aggressively they flatten out the boat. There is also some great FJ tacks in the last part of the video. 

3. Wing to Wing Jibes

EVERYONE should watch this again: Technique Tuesday - wing to wing jibes. It will open in a new windows. Here's what you need to pay attention to.

• Skippers, watch the exchange as well as how Ben (skipper) keeps the boat headed down wind without over steering.
• Crews, the only thing that I disagree with is that the crew does not first grab the sheet through the lead before taking it from the skipper. However, watch how she snaps the jib through the wing. Shorter crews, if you want to try having a foot forward of the partners when sailing wing on wing, that's fine. If you are over 5'6", bad idea! You'll have too much weight forward. 
• Jib Trim - At about 1:58 in the video, watch the timing of the jib snap. You will see it again at 2:26.
• Tiller Exchange - There is a great example at 2:36. Watch how the skipper drills the boat flat off of the traveler bar. 
• Steering & Weight - At 3:45, watch the full sequence to see how the boat goes from a wing to a wing. Look at the timing, the heel, the control that the skipper maintains with the main, and how the boat stays sailing down wind the entire time.

Not The Regular Newport Seabreeze

This Saturday did not bring the typically steady seabreeze, instead we were sailing in the lee of Goat Island with some major puffs coming down the course.  While we may all like the consistent breeze in Newport, these conditions are much more common in college sailing venues like Navy, The Charles River, St. Mary's, Hobart, Conn, and just about every where else.  While most of our races were in the 15 knot range with some bigger gusts, we also a light race around 10 knots. There are a few really simple tricks to keep your speed up which you have probably heard before.

1. Anticipate puffs - This will make or break you off the line (yes you Susie). If you see a big puff coming make sure skipper and crew communicate and keep the boat flat by hiking hard and easing the main when it hits, you will probably also want to sneak in and add some vang tension before the puff.  Boats that don't do this (Susie) will slip 1/2 - 1 boatlength to leeward and open up your hole.

2. Pointy end toward the mark - Make sure you are sailing in the lifts and towards pressure.  If you are in the front early on stay between the mark and your competition.

3. Transitions - It sounds like most people did a pretty good job of this, in the light air take the 5 seconds to ease up your Cunningham, outhaul, and rig tension.  It is always best to be setup for the lulls.

FJ Questions - once again!

1. I watched the how not to gybe an FJ video....it looks like they flipped because they put weight on the tank in order to flatten. Do you want to put less weight on the tanks both when rolling and flattening, or just flattening. Today when the wind picked up I felt like I wasn't rolling enough at all and I was just pressing on each tank.

An FJ is really tippy and doesn't need a lot of roll in the gybes - particularly when it gets windy! Most boats go over because the skipper and crew over-flatten. Your description of pressing is a good one. In breeze, you are just trying to keep the boat stable. The rudder on an FJ is tiny, so the skipper needs the crew in order to steer through the gybe. However, unless it is light, you don't have to really whale on the tanks.

2. Is there a specific way to organize the jib sheets while you're fully hiked and sailing upwind - I try to pull the windward sheet taught so its ready when I tack, but it also sometimes gets tangled and hard to get a hold of.

Yes! As soon as you are hiked, pull the slack out of the windward sheet and drape the sheet over your back leg. This way, when you go to tack, it's right there and you can get your hand on the sheet, by the ratchet, as you go to roll & cross.

3. How should you be set in the boat before a start?

Pre-Start is pretty much the same, just keep trimming that jib! If it is totally nuking, you may even cleat the board up half-way before the start to stay more in control.

4. I know when going upwind you play the jib with the skipper, so when they let out you let out, etc. but how should I be playing the jib downwind while on a reach?

Trimming the jib is pretty much the same. Just watch your tell-tales. The thing with an FJ jib is that it is MUCH bigger than a 420 jib. If it is light enough to trim outside the shrouds, then you really need to make sure that you pull down to keep the top of the sail trimmed, but also ease enough for the bottom to be powered up. As it gets windier, you'll trim through the block and just do your best with shape. If it's a really long down-wind leg - and you don't forget for the upwind - you can move your cars to get a better shape. However, the trade-off is minimal if you forget to reset them for the upwind.

5. Should I be "popping" the jib over in front of the block while gybing like in a 420? I know I probably won't be able to in tomorrow's breeze anyway, but what about when its lighter?

If it is light enough, then yes. An important thing about wing-on-wing gybes in big breeze: you want to pop it through the block and not bring your weight to windward to hand it to the skipper. Just pull up hard through the block so that it is slightly over-trimmed for a second and the skipper can then reach forward to take the sheet. However, it it is psycho nuking, then you actually trim the jib on the wing by pulling through the block from the leeward side. This lets the skipper sit in a bit and just trim the main (one pump on the main could be the difference between upright and up-side-down!)

Great Boat Handling Questions

Some of you have asked me some great questions lately. I decided to post them all here. Keep asking!


When you're wiggling, should you bother trimming the jib when turning down or is it slower to let it rag?

Depends on the goal and the speed of the boat behind you. If you are wiggling to slow down, then rag. If you are wiggling to try to hook the guy behind, use the jib to control your speed.

When flattening in light air with the bunny hop (and you have to get back down to leeward), should you flatten more on the side and keep one leg raised to hop down or something else?

In light air, I tend to hop up on both feet and then drop back down into the boat with one foot on each side of the centerboard trunk. On a day like yesterday, it's a definite just hop up and drop down.


On the R-R jibes I remember you saying something about weighting the rail, popping the jib, then rolling. Where does that main crossing and skipper flattening come in? It seemed like the later we flattened (or today, when my skipper flattened) the higher we were pointing and more speed we had, is that okay in a race or should our jibes be faster but with less power?

That's good in light air. You'll have to adjust depending on the conditions. The main should come across with the roll. In light air, you can even stay down after it comes all the way across. If it's nuking, then you would obviously come across sooner with no roll.

I was watching the gybing video Roy posted and I noticed that the crew never actually "sat" on the windward tank to roll the boat, she just rolled off the shroud. Do you want crews to roll off the tank or off the shroud?

I usually had you come to the rail and sit because it got your weight to windward sooner to help carve the boat through the gybe. Personally, I grab the hiking strap and pull to roll. When that video was filmed, kinetics was not as big of an issue. I wonder about the legality of gybing off the shrouds like that now. They are definitely effective gybes, and you could certainly give it a shot. I'm only curious about the kinetics question.

Back to Basics

It's a new season, and Polly told me that I hadn't written in a while. That said, here goes: time to get back to basics. As a team, we need to focus on boat-handling and boat speed. Skippers need to be better about locking into the boat and using less rudders. Crews need to start taking initiative: jib trim, weight placement, remembering that they are crucial to boat speed.

We also need to talk about tacking. Here are a few videos that may help you out. First, Patrick Rynne has a good camera angle from inside the boat. Skippers, watch the main trim, how little rudder he uses, and the exchange. My only comment would be that he could use more of an ease.


Sailing Videos on Sailgroove


As a credit to Clare, here is a great Technique Tuesday, from Hotchkiss, showing the hand exchange.

Watch more video of Technique Tuesdays on sailgroove.org

Crews, for great footage of roll tacking, go to Roy's site on Dragon and watch the footage of Garth/Sharky and Annika/crew. I know that it's on there. Make sure you drop someone a line if you have questions, or pose them as comments to this post.

Mark Roundings - by Brooke Thompson

Here are a few pull-out's from Brooke's article on SailGroove.

1. Mark Roundings are about boat handling and not boat speed
2. The crew has to steer the boat around the mark. It's all about weight placement and jib trim.
3. Three critical things to remember: (A) watch the skipper's shoulders and move in the same direction, (B) Anytime the crew moves up and trims jib, the bow will turn down, (C) Anytime the crew moves down and eases jib, the bow will turn up.
4. The last 1/3rd of the windward leg, start thinking about rounding the mark. Look for are other boats, the lay line, and any major wind shifts that could change your angle to the mark.
5. Don't hit other boats. Luff to stop if you have to.
6. Make sure you can accelerate after the rounding. That's when the focus really shifts back to boat speed.
7. Be aware of the angles of the boats around you.
   

Getting Stable

What did you learn from practice yesterday? Take a look at this video from SailGroove about converting to stable combinations. Thoughts on what they try?

Watch more video of Technique Tuesdays on sailgroove.org

Observations from the Week

I think we've gotten quite a bit accomplished this week when on the water, but we still have a very long way to go. A few of you have sent me questions. Every one can benefit.

1. I'm having trouble with tacks. I think my biggest issue is getting across the boat.

• Both skippers and crews are trying to roll too much on your backs. You need to think about shifting your hips back; or, as Hilary calls it, do the one-cheek-sneak.
• There are some differences of opinion as to how crews should cross the boat. I prefer the bunny-hop, but not everyone can do this. For completely different, yet very effective styles, watch Anna and Julia. Either way is fine, as long as you can flatten well.
  

2. I can't get the jib in fast enough out of the tacks.

• In breeze, as you hit the hiking straps on the windward side to flatten out the boat, punch your arm over your head to get the jib all the way in.
• If you aren't strong enough to pull the jib all the way in once it is loaded up, you can use your legs, ask your skipper for help, or do the monkey-leg thing (I'll show you and Claire probably can too since it's a Tufts thing).
  

3. When you're heeling the boat through the wing-on-wing gybe, what should the crew hike off of, or is simply sitting on the rail enough of a heel?

• You do not hike hard to roll a wing-to-wing gybe. Think of it more as a carve than a roll. The key is to weight the rail early. Your weight should drive the boat down through the gybe.
• It's also just as important to maintain weather heel as you go into the gybe. A lot of our crews let the boats start to flatten, or even heel to leeward, when getting the board down and such. This causes the boat to head-up and the skipper to have to over-steer the gybe.
• Make sure, too, that you are flying the jib all the way through the gybe.

4. When going from a wing to a reach does the crew pop the jib through the lead then hold it outside the shroud?

• When going wing to reach, it depends on the wind conditions. If it's nuking, then everything stays through the lead. If you can trim outside of the shrouds, then just dive to leeward and immediately go for the windward sheet. Then, take the slack out of the leeward sheet.
• Both skippers and crews need to work on these wing to reach transitions (and back). This is a whole conversation...

5. Transitions! We have noticed that all of you are not transitioning well. There are a few things that you can all be doing:

• Skippers need to play the vang in puffy conditions. It was nuking at times and no one had reached into the boat.
• Crews need to start telling skippers about puffs and lulls. It's just as important to prepare for a lull as for a puff.
• Look before you tack! If you are tacking in a puff, don't over-roll the boat. Similarly, if you are tacking in a lull, make sure you are ready to accelerate out of the tack.

Any more??? Feel free to either comment on the post or send me your questions.

Pre-Start Homework

As we discussed yesterday, you should always do your homework before the start. At the bare minimum, the skipper and crew need to:

1. Check all ring-dings
2. Check your hiking straps
3. Check your tiller extension and universal
4. Check your rudder bolt
5. Get a line sight
6. Get a lay-line to boat (critical if you are starting boat or middle)
   
7. Get a lay-line to pin (critical if you are starting pin)
8. Get the time down the line
9. Get the time around the boat
10. Look up the course

Here is a link to the full article that Roy mentioned on SailGroove about what crews should do before the start. (http://www.sailgroove.org/articles/view/877-for-starters)

Ducking - This Week's Technique Tuesday

Soooo, what do you think?? I have my opinions. How do WE execute a good duck?

Watch more video of Technique Tuesdays on sailgroove.org

Here are some hints:

• Which way do you heel the boat in order to bear away?
• Which way do you heel the boat in order to head up?
• What did we review yesterday about lateral distance?

Maybe we will work on this today or tomorrow and then add more notes.

New Season, New Things to Think About

Well, we're back from another spring break trip to Stuart. The boats will get rigged next week, and we'll be on the water shortly. One thing that's new this year is the availability of good video for boat handling, thanks to SailGroove.

The first one to look at is about wing-to-wing gybes. Crews, take a look at the timing of the wing, the stability of the boat, and the flick around the mast. Some of you are ready to move to this level. Oh, just food for thought to get the season started.

Watch more video of Technique Tuesdays on sailgroove.org

Dean's Downwind Notes

REMEMBER this is all very situational and the diagram and below words are for you to have in your head to use when the situation seems to fit.


As you approach the weather mark:

• If you were Lifted on stbd tack, upwind, and in a puff, then just bear away and ride it out downwind.
  


• If you were Knocked on stbd tack, upwind, in a puff, then consider jibing around the mark.

STEADY BREEZE

• Always keep your downwind lane clear. The best way to do this is to make sure that no one is on your breeze. If you have tell-tales, look at the direction that they are flowing and then trace that behind you to see if the other boat is on your breeze. A quick luff of your jib can also tell you this.


• Rule of thumb - I would keep the boat behind just off of my port corner if on stbd jibe, and the other corner if on port jibe.


• As you approach the leeward mark, make sure that you are on the inside. This means that you need to work towards the inside, and think about over-laps the entire way down the course. Don't be afraid to hit the brakes at the 2-boat-length circle so that you don't get caught outside of boats. It's better to slow early and get a good rounding, than to sail around the outside of several boats.
  
  NOTE: this strategy does not apply to busting mark traps.

PUFFS FROM THE LEFT

• If you are already in the puff, then jibe onto port to ride it out, and then jibe back to connect with the next puff.


• As you approach the leeward mark, stbd jibe is the faster jibe and gives you inside advantage. This is because the stbd jibe will be a reach with left puffs.

PUFFS FROM THE RIGHT

• If in the puff, stay on stbd and ride it out then jibe to connect with the next puff.


• As you approach the leeward mark, there are potential gains on port jibe because it is the faster jibe in the puff. This is because the others are sailing dead downwind on stbd into mark. However, this is a little more risky because as you move down the course you have to assess the line up (ladder rungs).

**The right puff is what you took advantage of on Monday practice near the leeward mark.

THE DIAGRAM
The black line shows the course in the different puffs. When the line bends, that is a jibe to connect back to the puff

Lots of Little Things

There are lots of things that have been happening lately that really don't fall into any particular category or post. Here we go:

1. Sit forward - a lot of you are still too far back in the boat (skippers and crews), particularly when it gets light


2. Press - yesterday, I saw a lot of skippers with their bums on the rails while the crews were to leeward. Get your weight together and press the boat flat.


3. Talk - crews need to talk to skippers and vice versa. However, crews may need a little prompting. Skippers remember to ask: where's the wind, how's my height and speed, where's the mark, what combo are we in, etc.


4. Jib Trim - on reaches, crews are over-trimmed. Make sure you are playing the tell tales the entire time. If you are on a deep reach, and both tell tales are hanging straight down, then you need to talk about pressure. If there is no pressure in the jib and it's stalled, then the skipper needs to either head up or go to a wing.


5. Up-Wind Trim - most of you are not playing the main enough up wind. I see the rudders making adjustments that could be more effectively handled with weight and sails. Think about it before you move the tiller. Skippers, also don't forget to tell your crew what you're doing with the sails. They have to play the jib too.


6. Flat is Fast - boats are not flat. This is up and down wind. Crews and skippers aren't smooth enough with the press, and skippers need to talk to crews more on the reaches about keeping the boats flat. Remember, on a reach, even a little weather heel is good. This means that the boat goes to flat when the puff hits.


7. Break it Down and Make it Plane - we used to talk about this in college. You are all missing key planing opportunities down wind. If you could time a pump and shift your weight correctly on the waves, you would be planing. Remember, too, that the board needs to be up and you have to be trimmed as well.


8. Don't Get Caught on the Quarter Wake - this happened yesterday. When boats are reaching, you cannot pass the boat ahead if you are on their wake. You have to find a way to punch through it.

Is Your Boat Set-Up Properly?

I'm noticing that most of you are not adjusting your rig tension on the water. My question is this: do you know what you're looking for?

With a 420, to know if the boat is set-up properly, you have to get the boat sailing up-wind and then let go of the tiller. The goal is to have a little bit of weather-helm. If the boat crash tacks, then you have too little jib halyard tension. If it falls off, then you have too much. The boat should just slightly edge up-wind when the boat has the correct rig tension.

There are a zillion myths about rig set up. People talk about twisting, pulling, whatever the fore stay. Others say that it has to do with the amount of sag in the leeward shroud. Basically, just get the boat upwind and check it.

Zen and the Art of Roll Tacking

I know. It's plagiarism. Unless, that is, you haven't read the original. (You should all read Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance).

Anyways, this is mostly for skippers. You should all try the Zen Tack. If your boat is set up properly, then it should tack itself. If you don't know how to know if your boat is set up properly, read the next post.

Here's how it works, just hold the tiller loosely cradled in your hand. Let the boat naturally move through the tack, while you just focus on trimming your main. One good hard roll, and you have a perfectly neutral-helmed tack. If you never move the tiller, then you can't over-steer. See what I mean?

To make this work, it takes patience. The boat moves up through the tack slowly (obviously, this is not a move to throw in a critical situation). Once you feel how the boat naturally wants to tack, you can start to add a little tiller to speed it up.

Are you being passed back?

Another great question from earlier today:

How do I recognize a passback while its happening on the water?

This is a bit tricky, try asking yourself these questions:

1. Am I in a 2 on 1 situation? Or is my team-mate being double-teamed? Remember the "piggy in the middle"?


2. Are you, or your team-mate, tacking a ton, with someone to weather of you? This could be a sucker drill where someone is trying to get you to go slow by tacking frequently to draw you down the course.


3. Are you, or your team-mate, sailing the headed tack? Do you realize that you are sailing away from the mark and that someone is forcing you?

Those are three big signs that you, or your team-mate, are in a passback. Remember, too, that if you are not winning, or don't have pairs, then the other team is going to be trying something.

Puffy Conditions

These questions were emailed to me earlier this morning. I thought you all may be interested. As always, feel free to comment.

When I'm calling puffs, should I be able to tell whether its a header or a lift, or does that just come with experience?

Start by just getting the timing down, You should be able to say that there is a puff in 5 seconds and then count it down. Once you get the timing, since you will have been paying attention, you will start to understand direction.

To keep it really simple, the axis of the header will be pointed such that it makes the boat want to bear away when the puff hits. The axis of a lift will allow the boat to head up to meet it,

In breezy conditions is it just as important to be playing the jib as in lighter conditions, or should I be more focused on keeping the boat flat?

It is just as important, just harder to do because of the load on the sheets. You still need to adjust with your skipper, regardless of the wind velocity. When it really nukes, that's when it pays to be able to ease with the skipper in the puffs.

When judging how to play the jib, is it based more on skipper communicating what they're doing with the main, or just anticipating the puffs?

Both. First off, your skipper should be talking to you about what they are doing with the main. Since you have your head out of the boat and are looking around, you should start to recognize what your skipper is doing when, and then start to anticipate

Rigging Checklist

Once again, you should do this EVERY time before you hit the water and between races.

1. Drain your tanks
2. Do you have a bow line?
3. Check and tape forestay ring-ding
4. Check and tape jib tack pin ring-ding (this means you have tape on you)
5. Check and tape shroud pins
6. Check shrouds, forestay, and halyards for frays
7. Use pliers to tighten twist shackle(s) on vang
8. Check jib cleats
9. Check and tape ring-ding on vang shackle (if not a twist shackle)
10. Check and tape ring-dings on mainsheet blocks (2 on the boom + the ratchet block)
11. Check mainsheet for frays
12. Check jib sheets for frays
13. Make sure you have an outhaul and cunningham
14. Check centerboard up-haul and down-haul lines (do not leave the dock without them)
15. Check knots in the vang, mainsheet, and jibsheets (if you are rotating into a boat, check halyard cleats and main halyard at the head)
16. Check hiking straps to make sure they are tied up to the traveler bar
17. Check hiking strap tie-down line (check the knot and the condition of the line). Do you really want your weight on that piece of rope?
18. Check tiller universal for cracks
19. Check and tighten your rudder bolt
20. Do you have 2 bailers secured with tie-down line

HINT: Every person should have on them, at all times, a knife (preferably a multi-tool like a Leatherman or Gerber – ask Roy or Beth for opinions on these two) a foot of thin line, a few pins & ring-dings, and a roll of electrical tape.

Roll Tacks

Roy and I just finished talking about Florida. The two best boat-handlers out there were the 2 most athletic, strong, and in-shape teams. (Hint: those of you who do NOT play a winter sport need to think about how to stay in shape next year...) Anyways, I just found a few videos that you should consider. Remember that a 420 is a physical boat - FJs are a different story.

Clip #1
The big issue here is timing. Notice how late the roll is - probably too late. Also watch how the skipper and crew are NOT together.



Clip #2
With this one, the timing is better but there is NO ROLL. The reason is that the skipper does not slide her hips back and roll out on the main sheet. The crew also does not get out far enough away from the boat. She's really vertical. On a positive note, the skipper does get a fairly big ease on the main.



Clip #3
The skipper and crew have great timing, but still not enough roll or flatten. What do you think they should do?



Clip #4
This is part of the Harken/North U boathandling videos. Roy has the full video on Dragon, but this is a decent over-view. There is some good info in here and a few decent tacks to watch. (Some not-so-decent ones as well)

Welcome to the 2008 Season

Well, guys, it's time to get going again. We've already had a few days on the water in Newport, plus a week of practice in Florida. So far, what have you learned?

A few things from Florida and the first few practices that you should all keep in mind.

1. Boatspeed Kills - you have to be focused, 100% of the time, on going fast. This is for both the skippers and crews. With regard to boatspeed, you have to think about sail trim, weight, rudder, shifts, pressure, timing.... It's more than thinking that you are just going in a straight line.


2. Boat-handling - it has to be perfect 100% of the time. Every second that you are on the water, you should be working on your boathandling. Try new things. Remember that the flatten is twice as important than the roll. Timing is everything. Go back to Dragon and review Roy's videos. You all have a lot of work to do.


3. Intensity - If you think that everything will magically come together in a clutch moment, then you are fooling yourself. In order to achieve the level that we are all striving for, then you have to be focused, at the highest level, any time you are on the water or in a practice situation. In Florida, there was at least an hour of practice time that was not utilized because people were not working independently. If you want to be the best, you have to work for it.

Dean had some more concrete observations from his first day on the water:

Remember sailing is a very unique sport, the athlete has to be mentally
and physically prepared for the elements because as sailors you have to
adapt to the changing conditions (wind, water, and weather). Part of
this is to be properly geared up as well so that your mind focuses on
sailing and not how cold your hands are etc. So below I have listed
some things that might or might not help you in getting prepared to sail
from what I saw today.

Things to think about as the week rolls on:

Crews:

-foot work is very important. I strongly encourage all of
you crews to practice going from one side of the boat to the other in
your room. YES I said in your room. Visualize the centerboard trunk and
your feet on either side and stand on the balls of your feet. Practice
shifting your weight from one side to the other. One way to make it
more realistic is to take two chairs and space them apart from one
another so that you can sit on one, goto the balls of your feet
(straddling the centerboard trunk) then sit down on the other. Yes it
sounds corny but trust me it works!

-Jib trimming from one side to the other.. Don't forget to
uncleat the jib and in return once it is uncleated pull the other one in
as the boat tacks. This too can be practiced in your room, once all
your roommates think you are crazy jumping from one chair to another
imagine holding a jib sheet (now they will really think you have lost
it!). While sitting on the one chair pretend to pop the jib out of the
cleat move to the balls of your feet then as you sit down (on the other
chair) in one motion pull the other jib sheet in.

-Down wind you crews are the life support of the boat.
Standing up is important with your knees slightly bent. You control the
boat and its stability. One foot at the base of the mast and the other
angled back. (this position will get you ready for college when you can
add the ooch downwind)


Skippers:

-In todays conditions, remember to have your mains up all
the way, outhaul on, and the big thing I noticed was the skipper and
crew hop!

THE SKIPPER and CREW HOP was being preformed exceptionally well however
it will not win you any points come competition time. What I am talking
about is as puffs and lulls roll through both skipper and crew jump in
and out to keep the boat balanced. I would like to see this happen a
little more gracefully. One reason for the hop is because the vang is
too loose so when the puff comes and the main is eased too much sail
power is lost forcing the crew and skipper to jump in, as the skipper
trims the main back in both skipper and crew jump out (very unbalanced).
Pulling on a little more vang and easing the main in and out a little
less both skipper and crew can remain locked in a hiking position and
keeping the boat flat allowing the foils to really work and the boat
just jumps to weather.


-Let your new crews have the rush of hanging off the side of
the boat feeling nothing but their ankles holding them in. The reason I
say this in today most experienced skippers worked really hard at hiking
and keeping the boats flat while the crews did a half hike (because they
did not have to hike) I would like to see the crews hiking harder and
the skippers half hiking until their services are needed. This frees up
the skipper to concentrate a little more on boat speed and the
environment of which they are sailing.

So, what did you learn?